Description
Appearance and Origin
The Guava, also known as Guayaba, is a tropical fruit originating from the Psidium guajava plant. Originally native to Central and South America, it is now widely distributed in many warm regions of the world. The fruit has an oval shape with a greenish to yellowish skin that develops a pleasant aroma when ripe. The juicy, red, or white flesh is interspersed with many small, edible seeds.
Growth
The tree is an evergreen tree or shrub that can reach heights of up to 10 meters depending on the variety. It has a dense, spreading crown with shiny, dark green leaves. The flowers are white and fragrant, appearing in the leaf axils. The fruits mature throughout the year and can be harvested several times a year.
Cultivation and Care
Guava plants thrive best in tropical or subtropical climates with plenty of sunlight and sufficient moisture. They prefer well-drained soils and also tolerate saline soils well. Care includes regular watering during dry periods, regular pruning to promote air circulation, and occasional fertilization to promote growth.
Taste, Use, and Fruit
They have a sweet and sour taste with a pleasant, lightly perfumed note. They can be eaten raw or processed into juice, jam, ice cream, and other sweets. The fruit is rich in vitamin C, fiber, and antioxidants and is valued for its health benefits.
Harvest Time
They typically start bearing fruit around 2 to 4 years after planting, depending on the growing conditions. The harvesting time varies depending on the region but typically falls in the warm months of the year.
Pollination
Guava is mainly pollinated by bees and other pollinating insects. The flowers produce abundant nectar, attracting pollinators that contribute to fertilization. Self-pollination can also occur as the flowers contain both male and female parts.
