Description
Appearance and Origin
The plum (Prunus domestica) is a deciduous tree belonging to the Rosaceae family. It originated in Europe and Western Asia but is now widespread in many parts of the world. The plum fruit is a popular stone fruit with a variety of cultivars that can differ in color, shape, and taste.
Growth
These trees are medium to large-sized with a broad crown and a height of about 5 to 8 meters. The leaves are oval to lanceolate and have a shiny green color. In spring, the trees produce fragrant white flowers that grow in dense clusters along the branches.
Cultivation and Care
They thrive best in well-drained soils and sunny locations. They require regular watering, especially during dry periods, to promote growth and fruiting. Pruning should be done regularly to maintain crown structure and improve air circulation.
Taste, Use, and Fruit
Plums have a sweet, juicy fruit with a characteristic flavor that can vary from cultivar to cultivar. They are often eaten raw or processed into a variety of dishes and products, including jams, compotes, baked goods, and spirits. The fruits are rich in fiber, vitamins, and antioxidants and have many health benefits.
Harvest Time
They typically begin bearing fruit after 3 to 6 years of planting from seeds or seedlings. The harvesting time for plums varies depending on the cultivar and climatic conditions but usually occurs in late summer or early autumn.
Pollination
Plums are typically pollinated by insects such as bees. They are usually self-pollinating, but cross-pollination with another cultivar can lead to better fruit yields.
