Description
Appearance and Origin
The fig, botanically known as Ficus carica, is a perennial plant from the mulberry family. Originally from the Mediterranean region and other warm climates of Asia, the fig is known for its characteristic, palm-sized leaves and its sweet, fleshy fruits. The fruits vary in color from green to violet to dark purple and have a sweet, juicy flesh with small, crunchy seeds inside.
Growth
These trees are medium-sized trees or large shrubs with a spreading crown and a height of about 3 to 10 meters. They have a bushy growth habit and large, glossy leaves, often with a distinct deep green color. The trees can also be grown as ornamental plants or in containers in milder climates.
Cultivation and Care
They thrive best in warm, sunny climates with well-drained soils. They require regular watering, especially during dry periods, and should be protected from strong winds. Fig trees can be propagated from cuttings or by grafting and typically take about 2 to 3 years to bear fruit.
Taste, Use, and Fruit
The fruits have a sweet, delicate flavor and a soft, juicy texture. They can be eaten raw or processed into a variety of dishes and desserts, including salads, jams, compotes, and baked goods. They are also dried and used as a snack or ingredient in various dishes.
Harvest Time
They can bear fruit at different times depending on the variety and climate. However, fig trees typically begin to bear fruit about 1 to 2 years after planting. The main harvesting period is in late summer to autumn, usually between July and October, depending on the location and weather conditions.
Pollination
Most fig varieties do not require pollination, as they produce parthenocarpic fruits that can ripen without fertilization. However, in some cases, pollination can occur by tiny fig wasps that live inside the fruits and can assist in the pollination process.
